본즈 영어 50일 과정(D-39~D-30)

˙D-39   어순/5형식              

영어 어순은 5형식 기본만 확실하게!!!
1 주어 동사

2 주어 동사 보어

3 주어 동사 목적어 ★

4 주어 동사 목적어1 2  (누구한테 뭘)

5 주어 동사 목적어  보어

 

1 I sleep/breathe/run

2 보어(보충어)

   선생님/엄마/아내(명사)

   키가 큰/피곤한/말하고 있는(형용사)

   I am a teacher/mom/wife (B=A)

   I am tall/talking  (B는 A의 상태)

3 I like you/coffee

   I made coffee

   I bought coffee

4 I make 만들어준다 누구한테 뭘

     buy    사준다

     send  보내준다

     show 보여준다

  I made my wife coffee.

  I bought my son a car.

5 I made my son a doctor

                my son  happy

   He makes me tired

                    me happy

 

D-38  1형식                 

1형식 ▶ 주어+동사+부사

 

1 be(있다) My pen is on the table. 

                My mom is in my house.

                                 (at my place)

2 breathe  I am breathing. *2형식으로 많이 쓰임

3 bleed     I am bleeing.

                 His head is bleeding

4 talk       They are talking.      

5 eat         I am eating,

6 cry         He is crying.

7 smile     He is smiling at me.

8 laugh    He is laughing at me.(비웃고 있다)

9 sleep     Are you sleeping?

                 I`m not sleeping.

10 yell/shout/scream

      He is yelling at me(감정섞어서)

               shouting at us

               screaming

     Did you hear somebody screaming?

10 exercise I am exercising.

                   I excercise at the gym.

11 play       I play with my friend.

12 study    Can`t you see I am studying?

13 work     I am working.

                  My PC is not working.

                             doesn`t work.

14 move    I am moving. 

                  I am moving it.(3형식)

                  I`ll move to Seoul.

15 walk/run/swim/fly/drive

      I walk/swim/fly/drive to NY

      I am walking

 

D-37  4형식 (~준다)       

4형식 ▶  주어+동사+누구한테+뭘

1 give       Give me 10 dollars.

2 send      Send me a repair man.

3 bring      Bring me (a cup of) coffee.

4 pass      Pass me the sugar.

5 show     Show me your new bag.

6 lend      Lend me your book.

7 teach    Teach me English.

   Teach me how to swim/drive/speak English.

8 tell        Tell me your name.

   Tell me what to buy/drink/do next.

9 buy       Buy me lunch

   I want you to go.

   I want you to buy me lunch.

10 make   Make me a toy.

* Can you make me a toy?

   Make me a toy, please.

 

I gave my son 10 dollars.

I sent him a box of apples.

He brought her this cup.

He passed me the ball.

I showed them my house(place).

I lent my friend 10 dollars.

I taught you how to drive.

He told us what to do next.

He bought her a ring.

My mom made us breakfast.

I wish you success/happy

 

D-36  3형식                  ★

3형식 ▶ 주어+동사+목적어+부사★

     명사(명사/to부정사/동명사/문장)

 

4형식 동사들 3형식으로도 쓸수 있다.

1 give      10 dollars to me

2 send     a repair man to me

3 bring    coffee to me

4 pass     the sugar to me

5 show    your new bag to me

6 lend     your book to me

7 teach    English to me

8 tell        your name to me

9 buy       lunch for me

10 make  a toy for me

 

목적어가 to부정사

11 want      to go ~하고 싶다

12 plan       to go ~할 계획이다

13 decide   to go~하기로 (결심)하다

14 promise to go~하기로(약속)하다

15 refuse to go~하는 것을 거부하다

16 agree   to go~하는 것을 동의하다

I decided to go.   주로 과거형으로

I promised to go.

 

목적어가 동명사

17 enjoy      dancing   ~을 즐긴다

18 mind       waiting    ~을 꺼린다

19 finish      working  ~을 끝낸다

20 avoid      drinking  ~을 멀리한다

21 quit         smoking ~을 끊는다

22 give up   studying ~을 포기한다

23 put off    meeting  ~을 미룬다

24 consider going     ~을 고려한다

 

Do you mind waiting?

- Yes ▶ 응 꺼려

- No,I don`t.▶아니 괜찮아=Not at all

I will quit (my job)

I will quit (eating) junk food.

I decided to avoid drinking.

 

목적어가 to부정사&동명사(같은 의미)

25 like/love/hate            to sing                           

26 start/begin/continue singing

 

목적어가 to부정사&동명사(다른 의미)

27 remember to call전화해야하는걸

                      calling 전화한걸 

28 forget   to call  전화해야 하는걸

                   calling 전화한걸 

29 try       to eat   먹으려고 노력한다

                eating (시험삼아) 먹어본다

30 stop      to say   말하려고 멈춘다

                   saying   말하는 걸

 

목적어가 문장(접속사, 의문사 필요)

31 think(that)he is a doctor.*접속사

32 believe      he went to Busan. 

33 hope          I can meet again.

34 mean         I don`t know him.

35 say            you took my book.

36 hear          she loves him.

37 feel           something is burning.

38 notice       you like me.

39 promise    you will come.

40 know         he is your father.

I mean (that) I think that he is a dotor. 내 말은~

I konw who you like. *간접의문문

            when you study.

            where you study.

            what you study.

            how you study.

            why you study.

 

D-35 5형식 왜 배우나요? 

5형식은 영어의 기본어순을 익히기 위한 도구!

기본 5형식의 동사의 쓰임 익히기가 중요 포인트!

모든 문장을 5형식에 끼워 맞추는 건 no!

 

D-34  보어(2, 5형식)        

한 명사를 보충(설명)해주는 키워드!

나 ▶ 선생님/남편/아빠/친구 (명사)

    ▶ 행복한/피곤한/키가 큰  (형용사)

 

* 형용사(원래 형용사/현재분사/to부정사/과거분사)   

먹다  형용사화▶  먹고 있는 eating

eat                      먹어야 할 to eat

                           먹힌         eaten

 

2형식 주어+동사+보어(주어를 설명)

I am a teacher.

I am happy.

 

5형식 주어+동사+목적어+보어(목적어를 설명)

I made you a doctor.

You made me angry.

 

D-33  2형식             

2형식 ▶ 주어+동사+보어 

* 보어는 명사/형용사

 

보어가 명사 (원래 명사/동사의 명사화/문장의 명사화)

① Be

I am a doctor.

My dream is a doctor.

My dream is to become a doctor.(의사가 되는 것)

To become a doctor is my dream.

The problem is that I hate coffee.(내가 커피를 싫어한다는 것)

That I hate coffee is the problem.

② 감각동사

It is an apple.

It is like an apple.(사과와 비슷하다/성질˚특징)

It looks like an apple.(사과처럼 보인다/시각)

It seems like an apple.(사과인것 같다/추측˚느낌)

It sounds like     (청각/들린다)

It smells like      (후각/냄새난다)

It tastes like       (미각/맛이난다) 

It feels like         (촉각/느낀다)

You sound like my mom.  

③ Become(변화)

He becomes a doctor.

It will become a cup.

 

보어가 형용사 (원래 형용사/동사의 형용사화)

① I am happy.

It is good.

It looks good.

You are tired.

You look tired.(보니까~)

You sound tired.(목소리 들으니까~)

It smells good.

It tastes(=is) salty.

It feels soft.(촉감이 부드럽다)

I feel tired.(피곤하게 느낀다)

This cup feels cold.

I feel cold.

② 변화

The weather becomes cold.

         (=get 보어가 형용사일때)

날씨/거리/온도/명암▶비인칭주어it

It is cold/far/dark/bright.

It becomds/gets ~

The box got heavier.

③ 동사의 형용사화

I am eating.

I am to eat.(=I will eat)

I am loved.

 

D-32  5형식                  ★

5형식 ▶ 주어+동사+목적어+보어

 

보어가 명사

I make him a doctor.

I call    him a doctor.

I name him KS.

 

He calls me a doctor.(부른다)

He calls me.(전화한다)

 

보어가 형용사

① You make me tired.

You find the movie boring.

You keep the water cold.

Hey, leave the door open/closed/locked.

② to부정사

    I want my son to study

       allow

       advise

       ask

       tell

       force

       order

       get(시키다)

③ 사역동사+원형부정사

    I make him go  강제

       have              시킴/부탁

       let                  허락

       help       (to)   

④ 지각동사+원형/현재분사

   I see him eat(eating)

   I  hear him sing(singing)

 

D-31  부사               

기본문(명사/동사/형용사)+부사

            ▼         ▼        

형용사가 꾸밈  부사가 꾸밈

 

형용사 수식

very        cold     enough

really 

quite      

pretty

so 

too

 

It is so cold that I can`t go out.

I am so tired that I can`t study.

It is too cold to go out.

I am too tired to study today.

I am old enough to drive.

 

동사 수식

① dance beautifully

study      perfectly

listen      carefully

say         kindly

tie          tightly

hit          strongly

appear  suddenly

walk      slowly

speak    quietly

speak    loudly

② get up early/late            

study       hard

walk        fast

jump       high

sleep      well

 

빈도부사

* 형용사/동사 다 꾸밀 수 있다.

* 위치는 형용사 앞/동사 앞

always          happy/walk

usually

often

sometimes

seldom/hardly

never

 

I am always happy.

I sometimes work on weekends.

I will always work.

 

문장의 확장 관련 부사(추가정보)

① 전치사+명사 ▶ 부사구

with my friend

for my family

on weekdays

in Seoul

② 동사의 부사화(to 부정사)▶부사구

to live happily

I work my friend on weekdays in Seoul to live happily.

③ 문장의 부사화 ▶ 부사절

I work~

because I have no money

when I need money

while I am Seoul

though I am rich

 

D-30  의문사            

▶의문문/감탄문/간접의문문

who(m)        누가(누구를) 

when           언제                 

where          어디서

what/which 무엇이/무엇을

how             어떻게 

why              왜

whether      ~인지

Who drank my coffee?

Who took my wallet?

Who called me last night?

Who(m) do you like?

When will you come?

Where do you eat?

What do you eat?

What makes you angry?

How do you come here?

- By bus/taxi/walking(=On foot)

Why do you like me?

I don`t know whether he likes me.

* who/what 주어로 쓰일때 평서문 어순으로 의문문 만들수 있다!!

what vs which(범위無/有)

what fruit do you like?

which fruit do you like, an apple or an orange?

 

전치사+의문사

for    whom   누구를 위해

with                누구랑

to                   누구에게

since when   언제부터

until               언제까지(행동지속)

by                  언제까지(마감기한)

from  where  어디부터

to                   어디까지

for     what    무엇을 위해

with               무엇을 가지고

about            무엇에 대해

 

With whom do you study?

= Who(m) do you stuhy with?

I will study today.

With whom?

For whom do you work?

=Who(m) do you work for?

To whom will you give money?

You have to sit here until 3.

From where do you come?

With what did he hit you?(도구)

 

How+형용사/부사

① How old  ▶ 자체로 의문사 역할

            fast

            tall

           cute

           smart

           big

           heavy

           long(물건/시간의 길이)

How deep is your love?

How deep your love is!

I don`t know how deep your love is.

How fast are you?     (형용사/1형식)

How fast can you run?(부사/2형식)

How quick is the car? 

How quickly can the car run? 

② How many+복수명사

             times(≒how often)

             hrs/days/wks(≒how long)

             people

How many times did you read this book?

How many times do I have to tell you?

How many cars are there over there?

How many books do you need?

③ How much+셀 수 없는 명사

             time/(money)

             food/cheese(덩어리째)

             water/air/salt(액체/기체/가루)

How much time do you need to finish your homework?

 

What+명사

what               time

what (kind of) food

                      movie

                      story

                      drink

                      coffee

                      fruit